There are two main types of activities:

• Message-orientated: for advanced learners
• Language-orientated (skill based): for beginners and intermediate students

A) Language-orientated activities are useful for some of the following reasons:

• Allows students to exchange information: students can learn from one another by exchanging information
• Reinforces grammar: grammar should be practiced as much as possible for better retention
• Creates a relaxed environment: students usually like to take a break from their books every once in a while. They see activities more as fun rather than a way to learn (which they will be doing)
• Practices skills: activities put to use what has been taught in class
• Stimulates curiosity: activities give students a chance to speak freely and ask any questions that come to mind during these activities

Some examples of activities with a language orientation are:

• Word searches
• Guessing games
• Problem-solving real life situations
• Jigsaw puzzles
• Information gap
• Muddled information

B) Message-orientated activities:

Information Gap activities are those where one student must converse with another to complete the exercise

Opinion Gap is an advanced form of information gap, and becomes message orientated, in order to argue, debate or persuade an issue of some sort.
*It should be noted that if you are going to pick something to debate, make sure that it is not insulting to the student’s sex or culture

Information gap activities are usually executed in pairs, however, opinion gap activities can be separated into small discussion groups.